Achilles Tendonitis
Achilles tendonitis causes scarring and degeneration of the tendon. The Achilles tendon
is the largest tendon in the body. It is located in the back of the leg that inserts into the
back of the heel bone. The Achilles tendon is responsible for lifting the heel off the
ground when walking or running.
Symptoms
The pain caused by Achilles tendonitis can develop gradually without a history of
trauma. If left untreated, Achilles tendonitis can often lead to rupture.
Symptoms include pain during exercise, swelling, redness, pain in the pack of the ankle
when arising from rest, inability to walk without limping, or a cracking sensation.
Squeezing the tendon from side to side can sometimes elicit significant pain.
Cause
The Achilles tendon does not have a good blood supply or cellular activity, so it is prone
to injury from repetitive stresses. Once the injury starts, the body is unable to effectively
repair the damage and a chronic degeneration and scarring of the tissue ensues.
Diagnosis
Radiographs, ultrasound and MRI along with a physical signs and symptoms are utilized
to diagnose the condition.
Treatment
Non-surgical treatment of Achilles tendonitis is aimed at resting the area, stretching the
tendon and improving range of motion. Non-surgical treatment may include medication,
icing, stretching, lifts, orthosis, physical therapy and extra corporeal shockwave
treatment.
If non-surgical treatment fails to provide adequate pain relief, surgery may be needed.
A variety of surgical techniques can be utilized to restore function.